Nobel Laureates at MyAV·¶
°Õ³ó±ðÌýNobel Prize in ChemistryÌýis awarded annually by theÌýRoyal Swedish Academy of SciencesÌýto scientists in the various fields ofÌýchemistry. It is one of the fiveÌýNobel PrizesÌýestablished by the will ofÌýÌýin 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry,Ìýphysics,Ìýliterature,Ìýpeace, andÌýphysiology or medicine. This award is administered by theÌýNobel FoundationÌýand awarded by Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of theÌýNobel Committee for ChemistryÌýwhich consists of five members elected by Academy. The award is presented inÌýStockholmÌýat an annual ceremony on December 10, theÌýanniversaryÌýof Nobel's death.Ìý
Biography
Ramsay moved to the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at University College, London, in 1887 a post which he held until his retirement in 1913.ÌýRamsay's earliest work was in the field of organic chemistry but it was in inorganic chemistry that his most celebrated discoveries were made.Ìý
As early as 1885-1890 he published several notable papers on the oxides of nitrogen and followed those up with the discovery of argon, helium, neon, krypton, and xenon. Led to the conclusion by different paths and, at first, without working together, bothÌýLord RayleighÌýand Sir William Ramsay succeeded in proving that there must exist a previously unknown gas in the atmosphere. They subsequently worked in their separate laboratories on this problem but communicated the results of their labours almost daily.ÌýAt the meeting of the British Association in August 1894, they announced the discovery of argon.Ìý
While seeking sources of argon in the mineral kingdom, Ramsay discovered helium in 1895. Guided by theoretical considerations founded on Mendeleev's periodic system, he then methodically sought the missing links in the new group of elements and found neon, krypton, and xenon (1898).
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Chemistry 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966. For more information see the official website of the Nobel PrizeÌý.
Biography
Bragg came to MyAV·¶ in 1915 where he was appointed as Quain Professor of Physics, a post he held simultaneously with the Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at The Royal Institution.
His research interests embraced a great many topics and he was an adept at picking up a subject, almost casually, making an important contribution, then dropping it again. However, the work of Bragg and his son Lawrence in 1913-1914 founded a new branch of science of the greatest importance and significance, the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays. If the fundamental discovery of the wave aspect of X-rays, as evidenced by their diffraction in crystals, was due toÌývon LaueÌýand his collaborators, it is equally true that the use of X-rays as an instrument for the systematic revelation of the way in which crystals are built was entirely due to the Braggs. This was recognized by the award of theÌýNobel PrizeÌýjointly to father and son in 1915.
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967.
Biography
Soddy worked withÌýSir William RamsayÌýat MyAV·¶ between 1903 and 1904 where he studied the gaseous emanation of radium. Here, Soddy and Ramsay were able to demonstrate, by spectroscopic means, that the element helium was produced in the radioactive decay of a sample of radium bromide and that helium was evolved in the decay of emanation.
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Chemistry 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966. For more information see the official website of the Nobel PrizeÌý.
Biography
HahnÌýworked under Sir William RamsayÌýat MyAV·¶ from the autumn of 1904 to the following summer and his work here was rewarded by the discovery of a new radioactive substance, radiothorium, while working on the preparation of pure radium salts.
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Chemistry 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966.
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Biography
Robinson became a Professor at the University of London in 1928, where he stayed until 1930.
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Chemistry 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966. For more information see the official website of the Nobel PrizeÌý.
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Biography
From 1910 to 1914 Heyrovsky studied Chemistry at University College, London, under ProfessorsÌýSir William Ramsay, W.C.Mc.C. Lewis and F.G. Donnan, taking his B.Sc. degree in 1913. He was particularly interested in working with Professor Donnan, on electrochemistry.ÌýDuring the First World War Heyrovsky did his war service in a military hospital as dispensing chemist and radiologist, which enabled him to continue his studies and to take his Ph.D. degree in Prague in 1918 and D.Sc. back at University College London in 1921.ÌýHe was elected Fellow of University College London in 1927.
FromÌýNobel Lectures, Chemistry 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966. For more information see the official website of the Nobel PrizeÌý.